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ABOUT RUSSIA / NATIONS / DARGINS

About Russia

Nations of Russia

The Dargins

The Dargins live in Dagestan, Stavropolsky Krai, the Republic of Kalmykia.
Neighboring ethnic groups are the Tabasarans, the Aguls, the Laks, the Avars and the Kumuks.
Language: Dargin (3 independent, mutually unintelligible dialects), belongs to Nakhsko-dagestanian group
Religion: Sunni-Muslims, some shia-muslim communities also.


The Dargins are considered to be an indigenous people of the Caucasus, that lived relatively isolated from foreign influence until the beginning of the great Arab conquests in the 8th c., when they were exposed to Islam for the first time. From the 14th c., they were controlled politically by the Kaytaks, who are now considered a sub-group of Dargins.
Although introduced to Islam in the 8th c., the Dargins remained primarily animist until the15th c., when Muslim influence became stronger, with Persian traders coming in from the south, and the Golden Horde increasingly pressing from the north. In the 16th c., the Ottoman Turks occupied the area, and also helped to consolidate Islam. By the 19th c., all but a few of the Dargins had been converted to Islam.
Fundamentalist Muslim tendencies are strong among the Dargins, together with a profound anti-Russian sentiment.
Just after the Bolshevik revolution, the government in Moscow established the Mountain Autonomous Republic, with Arabic as official language. Dargins and other peoples rebelled, and in 1921, the Dagestan autonomous soviet republic was established, including the Dargin population. Soviet policy towards this region was cruel and extremely unstable in the 1920s, with incidences of purges against Muslim leaders, changes in official language and a general "divide-and-rule"-approach. Things became more stable after 1928, when Dargin, Avar, Lezgin and Azerbaijani were all made official languages. However, gradually, Russian language was imposed in schools and administrations.
The Dargins resisted russification by simply refusing to participate in programs to relocate them out of the highlands and into lowland towns and collective farms. Thus, the majority of the Dargins still maintain a traditional lifestyle.
After 1991, in the wake of the collapse of the Soviet Union, anti-Russian secessionist nationalism is gaining strength among the Dargins.

For the most part, the relations between the various ethnic groups of Dagestan are remarkably less competitive than those of the titular nationalities in the other North Caucasian republics. This may change if nationalism, as expressed in the concept of the national state, gains more currency among the larger national groups, such as the Dargins.
NATIONS OF RUSSIA

 

The Adygy I The Aguls I The Akhvakhs I The Aleuts I The Altaians I The Andians nations I The Andins I The Archins I The Armenians I The Aserbaijanians I The Assyrians I The Avars I The Baghulals I The Balkarians I The Baraba Tatars I The Bashkirs I The Besermians I The Bezhtians I The Botlikhs I The Bulgarians I The Buryats I The Byelorussians I The Chamalals I The Chechens I The Cherkess I The Chukchis I The Chuvashs I The Cossacks I The Crimean Tatars I The Dargins I The Didos I The Dolgans I The Enets I The Eskimos I The Estonians I The Evenks I The Evens I The Finns I The Gagauz I The Georgians I The Germans I The Ginukhs I The Godoberins I The Greeks I The Gypsies I The Hunzibs I The Ingush I The Itelmens I The Izhorians I The Jews I The Kabards I The Kalmyks I The Karachay I The Karatas I The Karelians I The Kazakhs I The Kets I The Khakass I The Khants I The Khvarshis I The Komi-Permyaks I The Komis I The Koreans I The Koryaks I The Kumuks I The Kyrgyz I The Laks I The Latvians I The Lezgins I The Lithuanians I The Mansis I The Maris I The Moldovans I The Mordvins I The Mountain Jews I The Nanais I The Negidals I The Nenets I The Nganasans I The Nivkhs I The Nogays I The Orochis I The Oroks I The Ossetians I The Permyak Komis I The Poles I The Russians I The Rutuls I The Saams I The Selkups I The Shors I The Small Nations of North I The Tabasarans I The Tajiks I The Tatars I The Tats I The Teleuts I The Tofalars I The Tsakhurs I The Turkmens I The Tyva I The Udeghes I The Udmurts I The Ukrainians I The Ulchis I The Uzbeks I The Veps I The Vods I The Yakuts I The Yukaghirs I




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